Adding-machine



(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. E. FLEMING.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 435.819. Patent-ed Sept. 2, 1890. 4

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W..E. FLEMING. ADDING- MACHINE. No. 435,819. 1 Patented Sept. 2, 18-90.

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' Fig. (5 is a sectional view on line 4 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VARREN E. FLEMING, OF SMITH CENTRE, KANSAS.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 435,819, dated September 2, 1890.

Application filed August 24, 1889. Serial No. 321,855. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VARREN E. FLEMING, of Smith Centre, in the county of Smith and State of Kansas, have invented a new and Improved Adding-\Iachine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to adding-machines, the object of the invention being to provide an exceedingly simple and absolutely accurate machine, by means of which the total of any given set of numbers may be obtained; and to the end named the invention consists, essentially, of a series of numeral-disks that are controlled by slides, connections being arranged whereby at every rotation of a disk to the right the next disk to the left will be advanced one step, all as will be hereinafter fully explained, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referenceis to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved adding-machine. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the same, the back of the case being removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is asectional detail view on line l 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view taken 011 line 5 5 of Fig. 4. of Fig. 2, the slide, however, being represented as it appears when in the raised position. Fig. 7 is a detail side view of one of the numeraldisks, and Fig. 8 is a detail side View of one of the gears that are engaged by the slideracks.

In constructing the machine forming the subject-matter of this application I provide a case 10, having an inclined front 11, in which there is an opening 12, the front panel being beveled inward upon an angle such that the section a will be in substantially a horizontal plane. The front 11 ot' the case is formed with a series of under cut grooves b, in which there are fitted slides 14, which said slides carry racks 15 an d linger-pieces 16, the fingerpieces by preference being arranged in two parallel rows and numbered from O to 9, as represented, and in order that the slides may move downward I form the panel 11 with grooves c, which grooves communicate with the grooves b and provide for the passage of the finger-pieces 16.

In the drawings I have represented a machine in which but three slides are employed, the slide upon the right controlling the units numeral-disk, the next slide the tens numeraldisk, and the one upon the left the hundreds numeral-disk; but it will of course be understood that a machine might be organized with four, five, or any number of slides, the slides beyond the ones shown in the drawings controlling successively the thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, and so on up.

To the rear ofthe slides and within the ease I rigidly mount a shaft 20, and upon this shaft I loosely mount three numeral-disks A, which are made integral with or rigidly connected to ratchetwheels 21, the said ratchet-wheels being engaged by spring-pawls 22, that are connected to any proper fixed support. Upon the shaft I loosely mount gears 23, which are made integral with or rigidly connected to ratchet-wheels 24. The ratchet-wheels 24 are between the gears 23 and the numeral-disks A, and are engaged by spring-pressed pawls 25, carried by the numeral-disks. The teeth of the ratchet-wheels 21 and 24: point in opposite directions.

To prevent lateral displacement I mount hubs or sleeves 26 upon the shaft 20, and to these hubs I connect one end of coil-springs 27, the other end of the springs being connected to the side faces of the gears 23, (see Figs. 4 and 6,) the arrangement being such that when the slides 14, which engage the gears 23, are moved downward the gears will be turned against the tension of the springs 27, and at this time the numeral-disks will be advanced; but when the pressure brought to bear upon the slides is released the springs will act to impart a retrograde movementto the gears, and the slides will be returned to their normal positions.

In order that the slides to the left may be so placed as to move their numeral-disks one notch forward for every rotation of the disk immediately to the right, I provide each numeral-disk with a projection 30, which pro ICO jection by preference extends from a disk i11- tegral with the ratchet 2land each slide with a laterally-extending projection 31. The projections 31 are normally engaged by lugs 32, formed upon arms 33, that are pivotally mounted within the case, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the arms being normally held in the position in which they are shown in the figures last referred to by sprin s 35. A spring-pressed arm 33 is arranged in connection with each slide, except the units-slide, and the projection of the units numeraldisk acts upon the spring-pressed arm 33 of the tens numeral-slide, and the projection 30 r 5 of the tens n umeral-disk acts upon the springpressed arm of the hundreds numeral-slide. From the above-described construction it will be seen that at every rotation of the units and tens numeral-disks the spring-pressed 2o arms-33 of the tens and hundreds numeralslides will be borne upon by the projections 30 of the units and tens numeral-disks, respectively, and the lugs thereof disengaged from the slide projections 31, thus leaving the slides 2 5 free to be thrown upward by the springs 27. From the construction above described it will be seen that at every rotation of a nu meral-disk the arm 33 to the left of said disk will be borne upon by the projection 30, and 0 the arm-lug 32 will be thrown from engagement with the slide project-ion 31, thus leaving the spring 27 free to act to throw the slide upward one notch.

The numeral-disks carry numbers from O 3 5 to 9, which numbers are seen through the ap ertures B, as shown best in Fig. 1. The gears 23 are each formed with ten teeth, the parts being so relatively arranged that if the slides be moved downward a distance equal to the 0 space between two finger-pieces the gears will be advanced one-tenth of a rotation, and in moving forward will carry the nu mcral-disks forward, the disks being held from all retrograde movement by their spring-pawls 22.

In adjusting the machine for use the numeral-disks are moved so that theirzero-characters will appear through the openings 15, the zero finger-piece of each slide being at this time in line with the horizontal face a, as represented in Fig. 1. After the parts have been ad justed,as above described,we will suppose that it is desired to add the numbers 193 and 2&6. To carry out this operation we would place the finger upon the 1 finger-piece of the left-hand slide, moving the slide downward until the upper face of such fin ger-piece was level with the surface a. The central slide would then be carried downward until its finger-piece 9 was level with the surface a and the right-hand slide carried downward until its fin ger-piece 3 was level with said surface. Then the finger-pieces 2, 4, and 6 would be borne upon and their slides carried down, as before stated.

In moving the slides, as above described, the central numeral-disk will have been carried around once and to a position such that its numeral 3 would show upon the second rotation; but after the first rotation the projection 30, carried by the central numeraldisk, would have borne upon the arm 33,and the slide upon the left would have moved up one step or to a position such that its zero finger-piece would be above the surface a. This is an abnormal position of the parts, and the operator knowing that to obtain a correct result all zero finger-pieces should register with the surface a, before reading the answer would force the left-hand slide downward until it is in theposition in which it is shown in Fig. 1. If, new, any continued adding were to be done, the very fact of moving the correct finger-piece of a slide so that it will register with the surface a (the slide being supposed to be in the elevated abnormal position) would carry the numeral-disk controlled by that slide forward one step, thus securin g a correct count.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In an adding machine, the combination, with a casing having an opening in its front and racks provided with finger-pieces havin g numerals thereon, of a shaft 20 in the easing, spring-actuated gear-wheels 23, mounted on the shaft and meshing with the racks, ratchet-wheels 241, connected to the gearwheels, pawls 25, engaging said ratchetwheels, numeral-disks A, mounted loosely on the shaft, ratchet-wheels 21, connected to the disks, pawls 22, engaging the ratchet-wheels 21, and pivoted arms engaging the slides and operated by the numeraldisks, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. In an adding-machine, the combination, with a casing having an opening in its front and racks sliding in the casing and provided with finger-pieces arranged in two rows and having numerals thereon and with lateral projections, of the shaft 20, rigidly mounted in the casing, the gear-wheels 23, loosely mounted on the shaft and provided with ratchet-wheels 24L, pawls 25, engaging the ratchet-wheels, the numeral-disks A, loosely mounted on the shaft and provided with the ratchet-wheels 21 and carrying projections 30, the pawls 22, engaging the ratchet-wheels 21, the hub 26 on the shaft, the spring 27, connected to the hub and gear-wheel 23, and a spring-pressed lever provided with lugs, with which the lateral projections of the slides engage, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In an adding-machine, the combination, with a series of numeral-disks and a means for preventing all retrograde motion of said disks, of gears, ratchets carried thereby, pawls carried by the numeral-disks and arranged to engage said ratchets, racks arranged to engage the gears, projections carried by the. racks, spring-pressed arms provided withlugs against which the slide projections normally abut,andarm-trippin g attachments controlled by the numeral-disks, substantially as described.

4. In an adding-machine, the combination,

with a casing having openings in its front and racks sliding in the casing and provided with finger-pieces projecting from their front faces and with laterally-extending projections on their rear faces, of a shaft mounted in the casing, numeral-disks mounted on the shaft and provided with projections, gearwheels on the said shaft and meshing with the 

